Archive for the ‘Politics’ Category

Yes, I am running for the US Congress

Monday, December 5th, 2011

This blog post is to serve as the official public notice that I will be running in the race for the United States Congress for the 3rd District of the State of Connecticut.  It is my intent to run as a Republican and will be running in the primary.

At this point my campaign and committee has not yet been recognized as an official campaign by the Federal Election Commission or that of the State, but that is pending and should happen very shortly.  As I finalize the paperwork, I will need to find others who will be part of the campaign committee.  If you happen to live in the state of Connecticut and would like to be part of the committee, please contact me, but hurry because the committee may be finalized shortly.  After that, adding members will require amending the paperwork, and I can’t promise when that could happen.

The first tentative committee meeting will be held this coming Saturday.   It will be in the New Haven area, although the venue for the meeting has not yet been finalized.

In the next week, a website as well as social media pages on Facebook, Youtube and Twitter will come online.   The first campaign statements will also be released on the website.

The biggest thing I need right now are donations.   US citizens can donate up to $2500.

Please send a check or money order to:

Packard 2012
939 Dixwell Avenue – Unit 9
Hamden, CT 06437

Please make checks out to “Stephen Packard” and write “US Congress Campaign” in the memo field of the check.  In the near future I will be able to accept checks made out to the campaign, which should happen very shortly, once all the official paperwork for the committee has been completed and accepted by the appropriate agencies.  In the mean time, please make the checks out to me but use the memo field to indicate that it is for the congressional campaign.

I realize that most would prefer to make donations via credit card or some other means, and that will be coming shortly, but the first $5000 donated requires some specific documentation, and the easiest way to do this is to accept it in a paper form and copy the checks for submission as documentation of the donations.   Alternate means of donating are coming soon.

There is one other thing I need help with.   I need a motto.   Here are some ideas, but please feel free to add your own if you can think of one.

  • Increase America’s Ability To Do Work
  • Energize America
  • Energize the Economy, Empower the People
  • Reverse the Political Entropy
  • Energy For a Bright Future
  • Push it to the Limit, the Carnot Limit
  • Energy Should Be Dense, Politicians Shouldn’t Be
  • Energy is Wealth
  • Over Time, Energy Is Power
  • The Pro-Thermodynamics Candidate
  • My Platform Is Thermodynamics
  • The Energy To Work For You

And I need to figure out the logo.   Here are some ideas.

  • The name with an orbiting ball (electron) or two, implying the Bohr model of the atom.
  • A logo incorporating a lightning bolt
  • A logo incorporating gears, possibly with some reference to American industry and fortitude
  • A logo incorporating a light bulb

Full Position Statement For Congressional Run

Tuesday, November 22nd, 2011

Here is a simple breakdown on where I stand on a broad range of issues.   There are certainly some that have not been included, and I plan on making some further posts to include more.   This should be considered a basic platform outline, which may omit some of the finer details, which will need to be fleshed out later.

Central Issues:

Energy - A very central issue to me.   My take is far from what has become the mainstream.  I am pro-energy production, usage and development.  Energy is like wealth, you can’t have enough of it and the more you have the better off you are.   We should develop domestic energy sources to the maximum and transition to an energy strategy that uses nuclear fission as our primary foundational energy source.  Other important areas for energy development include greater use of electricity for heating, industrial processes and transportation and the use of synthetic fuels.   Ultimately this is the future of prosperous, bountiful energy.

One of my number one issues with regards to moving the US forward in energy policy will be the disbandment of the NRC and the creation of pro-energy nuclear regulatory bodies within the US Department of Energy.

The Environment – Environmental policy is another central issue and one that every government should keep front and center.   While there are many aspects to environmental policy, there is one problem which stands out as the biggest environmental issue of our time:  The use of coal as a fuel for power generation.   Coal is devastating at every level.  Mining it destroys vast areas of pristine land.  The exhaust from coal burners kills tens of thousands per year and is the single largest contributor to US greenhouse emissions.   Coal ash is a toxic product which is not being properly regulated for storage and disposal.    Our number one environmental goal should be to reduce coal usage, while at the same time being wary of becoming dependent on gas, which has high price volatility and limited domestic supplies.

Government Scientific Research – While there is a need to cut Federal spending, this is not the place to do it.  Our science programs, such as national laboratories, the space program and government research institutes took decades and billions of dollars to develop.  They are national treasures and the cost of their upkeep is miniscule compared to the benefits they offer.

I strongly support expansion of domestic science capacity, including construction of more research and isotope reactors, establishment of a long-term manned space strategy and providing secure long term funding to government science institutions.

At the same time we must stop wasting money on things like the National Institutes For Complimentary and Alternative Medicine, which is a national embarrassment.

Spending and Taxation – Spending within the US government must be reduced dramatically.   This can be achieved by cutting questionable infrastructure programs, such as commuter rail in areas that are unlikely to utilize it and through the consolidation of social programs, reducing waste and redundancy.   We must also spend more carefully on homeland security, ending ineffective programs.  Mushrooming social spending must be addressed.   Cuts should be focused on mandatory spending programs and reducing debt accumulation.

Increasing taxes is never desirable, but increasing taxation on upper brackets to pre-2000 levels will be necessary to pay off the enormous burden of debt that the US has acquired.  We are also losing enormous amounts of money by making mortgage interest tax-deductable.   This program was intended to help small time homebuyers but has been used extensively by the highest economic classes.   At this point it is likely necessary to the viability of the American realestate system.  Therefore, I would not suggest repealing it completely, but rather capping the write-off.

Homeland Security – I strongly support comprehensive and robust homeland security programs that can protect the US from a wide variety of threats.  These include both early intervention and last line of defense measures.  Programs need to involve both military and civilian agencies.   I strongly support a comprehensive and effective national airspace defense program to assure that any threat from aircraft or missiles can be neutralized.   I also support increasing the focus on the survivability and response capacity of government functions.

In contrast, ineffective programs and agencies such as the Transportation Security Agency and the use of radiation scanners at ports must be terminated.  These are expensive and useless or worse.

Foreign Policy – The US must regain a leadership role in the world and take measures to improve its international presence.  While strengthening ties with allies, we must not kowtow to any and never cave to apologetic or shame for our ideals.  I am a supporter of “big stick diplomacy.”  While military engagements should only be used as a last resort, we cannot show a lack of willingness to use whatever means are necessary to defend the interests of the United States.   With certain regimes we must be more forceful.

At the same time, conflicts we are engaged in like Afghanistan need to be reassessed.   It is pointless to be in such an engagement unless we have a clear idea what the objective is.  We must show greater restraint in becoming involved in conflicts that do not directly impact US interests.

Financial Regulations – We don’t need more financial regulations, we need better financial regulations, and if you don’t understand the difference, you’re probably a politician.   Better enforcement can be achieved through focusing on the most important and fundamental regulations and closing loopholes.

We also really need to stop all subsidies to sub-prime lending.  While that may make it easier for low income first time buyers to own a home, it also is largely what got us into the mess we are currently in.

Intellectual Property Law - It needs to be completely overhauled.  Current trends threaten expression and freedom of information.   At the same time, new legislation must be enacted to address new areas of intellectual property such as genetic engineering.   The laws need to be revamped and done in a manner that does not have a chilling effect on free speech and information exchange.  As a general rule I believe we need less restrictive IP law that grants greater “fair use” rights.  Above all else, such laws must not be crafted primarily by special interests.

Crime and Punishment – I am appalled by the fact that someone can commit murder and often get paroled within a few years.  In general, I believe the punishments for violent crime are both inconsistent and far too lenient.  I draw a huge line between property crime and violent crime.  Causing harm to another human being directly crosses a line and it is something that can’t be undone.  Murder takes a life and therefore  is a debt that can never be repaid.  Nobody who commits murder should ever see the light of freedom again.  Anyone who assaults and causes severe harm to another should be punished very severely with many many years in prison.  Violent sexual predators should be locked away for life with no exception.  It’s ridiculous to let these people out and then require tracking and registration.  If we know they are that dangerous to the community why let them out at all?

Of course, the prisons are not big enough to do this.  They would be, though, if we didn’t prosecute minor drug offenses the way we do, which is likewise ridiculous.  We don’t have enough room for murderers because too many inmates are only there because they had a little cocaine or even marijuana.

I am sure I will be asked what to do with the white-collar schemers who may not be violent but who stole billions.  Of course, they should be prosecuted aggressively too, as should anyone whose negligence in overseeing safety willfully resulted in conditions that cost life or limb.  However, this would be less of a problem if regulations were better enforced.  In a more open market with simpler, more easily enforced regulations, we’d catch them when they stole thousands, long before they could steal millions or billions.

Immigration – Our current immigration policy is absurd and is an affront to the legitimacy of the justice system.  Basically, we have made it a felony to enter and stay in the US without documentation, but we refuse to enforce that law, at least most of the time.   We have neither the political will to change it nor to enforce it.   It’s a situation that is intolerable because it erodes confidence in the law and results in millions entering the country illegally and without documentation.  The vast majority are perfectly honest and hard working, but amongst them are criminals, and since they all come in with no oversight, we can’t tell who is who nor can we provide basic protection to those undocumented entries.   Many industries also rely on this population for labor.

The solution must be two pronged.  First, we need to enforce the law.  Those who enter illegally must be deported.  If we know where they are, we can’t turn a blind eye.   This includes local law enforcement.   However, at the same time we must provide legal, reasonable methods of entering the country officially in order to pursue work.   Guest worker visas would allow for those outside the US to enter for the purpose of working and assure they are documented and that they are also protected from predatory hiring processes.

As for those already here, we may have to consider some sort of amnesty, since it’s not their fault that the system is so ridiculously broken.  However, it should also involve screening and documentation.

Illegal Drugs - Philosophically, I believe that a person can put anything they want into their body.  However, I’m not sure our society can really deal with such a way of life, especially given that it has had so many substances controlled for so long.   It is probably necessary to keep the strongest and most problematic drugs illegal as well as those that must be controlled for the greater good, such as antibiotics, which if completely self-administered would cause great problems such as increased resistance.   So while I accept that some drugs must be controlled, it makes no sense at all to expend so many resources in the failing effort to stop those of the least consequence and greatest prevalence, such as marijuana.  Those which are illegal should be policed by going primarily after the distributors and not the end users.

Abortion – (this will upset the more conservative types) – It has to be legal for practical reasons and it should be legal.   Not all pregnancies result in birth, many result in miscarriage and when they do, we don’t go blaming the woman for not taking perfect care of her health.   That’s because it’s her personal responsibility to decide how to deal with the pregnancy and that includes taking action to end it should she so choose.

Gun Control – (this will anger many conservatives and libertarians) – I have no fear of guns in general and I don’t believe they are inherently evil, but the fact of the matter is that guns make it very easy to kill and are extremely dangerous when handled irresponsibly.  Certainly more gun owners are responsible, but all illegal guns out there were generally legal guns that someone illegally sold, had stolen or otherwise ended up in the hands of criminals.  If greater responsibility were exercised, this would not be a problem.

The problem I have is that it requires much greater training, verification and licensing to own and operate a forklift than a firearm and more still to own and operate an automobile.  I’m only allowed to drive my car because I have a license and I had a test and vision exam, I have insurance and I had the car inspected and registered.   Regulations should require at least the same for firearms and should be difficult enough to dissuade casual users who don’t know what they’re doing and don’t care from obtaining them.

However, such regulations do not need to be imposed on all guns equally.   Full-sized bolt-action rifles are rarely used in crimes and rarely stolen.  They are too unwieldy to be used in most violent acts and are generally less prone to accidental firing.   However handguns should be difficult enough to obtain to stop those who don’t have a legitimate reason to get one from doing so.

Same-Sex Marriage – Ultimately this is a state-level issue, but I see no reasonable argument against it.   In truth, I’d be in favor of secularizing the entire marriage process by offering all couples a non-denominational “civil union” or “domestic union” which removes all religious connotations from the act.  If they want to call it marriage and have it blessed by a clergy-person, that’s up to them.

Healthcare - My general preference is to stay away from a complete government-run system.  I’d prefer to try to make it more affordable for individuals to buy through reforms like reforming the malpractice system and allowing for a greater variety of care facilities.  I would want to increase private insurance coverage by making it tax deductible and also providing incentives to employers who provide insurance.   Direct payment for coverage can continue but be reserved for those far too poor to pay for the cheaper coverage themselves.   This topic is too broad to discuss completely here.

Entitlements – I generally believe entitlements should be as limited as possible to keep them from becoming a “cradle-to-grave” system that is a huge burden on the government.   Welfare should be tied to requirements for seeking work and for maintaining good legal standing.   Also, entitlements need to be consolidated.  The current system is fragmented, inefficient and difficult to navigate.  Heating oil subsidies from the Department of Energy, Food Stamps from the Department of Agriculture, medical insurance from Medicare, Social Security payments from the Social Security Administration.   This is too messy, prone to abuse and difficult for those who really need it to figure out.

Education – This is really a state issue, but we need to maintain high and consistent standards in general and especially with science and technology.  Education should be intensive and well-funded.  I would like to see a greater involvement of industry in education, with companies having input on what they need in future workers.  Also, I’d like to see more involvement from those who are not career teachers in bringing their skills to the educational system.

One area that is extremely problematic is higher education.   It’s so expensive it prices out an entire class of citizens and makes it hard for even the middle class to afford a college degree.  The current system is also not inviting for everyone and is too rooted in a system originally intended to educate an elite few.   What we need is more avenues for students to pursue their degrees.  Part time schools and online programs are helping to fill this to some extent, but not enough.  I’d suggest we should focus a great deal more on allowing students to get credit for non-traditional learning such as work-study programs, apprenticeships and other programs that allow them to learn while supporting themselves and working.

Job-Creation – The government ultimately does not create jobs and any politician who says they have “created jobs” is lying.  The government, however, does get in the way of job creation.   Expanding employment will require a few things.  First, the government needs to establish a monetary policy that inspires confidence.  It also must have policies that encourage cheap and plentiful energy.

Finally, we must get out of the way of employers when it comes to hiring.   Hiring a new employee is amazingly difficult.   Just taking on a new worker requires income tax forms, social security forms, payroll taxes, wage documentation, hour documentation, OSHA compliance, ADA compliance, state taxes, medicare, workers compensation paperwork.   Large institutions can afford to have an entire human resources and payroll department dedicated to dealing with this mountain of regulation, but for small businesses it’s impossible.  This is also why many workers end up being paid “under the table,” which costs tax revenue.   We need to consolidate and simplify these regulations as much as possible.  That will result in job creation.

Possible Run For Congress

Monday, November 21st, 2011

It’s no secret that I complain a lot about government policies.   Well, not long ago I was complaining about government policies (as I so often do) when my friend Hal Bidlack made a suggestion.  He thought that it was pretty easy to make these suggestions and complaints but that if I really cared and I really didn’t like the current candidates I should put up or shut up and actually run for office.   Well, it’s a bit hard to argue with that, especially because Hal himself ran for Congress.

I thought about it and the more I did the more I realized he had a point.  I’m not an experienced politician by any means and running might be a long shot, but the more I think about how I feel about the US and how it’s being run the more I realize I should at least make an effort to do something about it.  Worst case scenario is I can always say I tried.

So call me a fool, but at this point I’m seriously considering it.  In fact, I plan on making a formal decision by the end of the month.  Right now that makes me a “prospective candidate” or a “possible candidate.”

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New York Times Reports on Rush for US Renewable Subsidies

Saturday, November 19th, 2011

The following article ran on the front page of the New York Times just a few days ago. I’m hoping very much that this might actually start to get people questioning the wisdom of spending huge amounts of money on energy sources that can’t and won’t deliver. This is especially true in the current economic climate. The US government can’t afford to waste money and as many suffer without jobs, the issue of “corporate welfare” and handouts that benefit the rich while doing little for society as a whole has become a major issue.

Yet these subsidies and mandates are exactly the kind that create the worst social inequalities. Those rich enough to invest in the government-backed and subsidized businesses are given a golden opportunity to make more money with less risk than could ever be had in a fair market. At the same time, the general public pays for it through higher electric rates and taxes. Despite the claims that these programs exist to create jobs, the higher cost of energy that results hurts industry and ultimately can cost jobs. The enterprises that take advantage of these subsidies are incapable of ever being self-sustaining and could not survive without these direct and very expensive incentives by the government.

Via the New York Times:

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Toxicology Professor Claims Evidence Shows Hermann Muller Hid Data That Refuted LNT

Saturday, October 22nd, 2011

In 1946, Hermann Muller won the Nobel Prize for demonstrating the ability to x-rays (and therefore other forms of ionizing radiation) to cause mutations in living cells. There is no doubt that Muller’s discovery was profound and vital to understanding radiation’s effects on living things and to establishing the field of health physics and radiation protection. The fact that radiation could cause mutations also had important implications to the understanding of cell biology and genetics.

Muller was also an early proponent in the establishment of the linear non-threshold hypothesis for radiation exposure. Despite a lack of conclusive supporting evidence, LNT has become the mainstay for radiation policy and is accepted as fact by many government agencies. The simplistic model basically states that radiation always causes damage with the potential for cancer and that the increase in risk is directly proportional to the exposure level. Thus, there is no “safe” level and all radiation should be avoided when possible, though the danger is small if the exposure is small.

Despite the fact that, even by LNT predictions, the level of exposure from living near a nuclear power plant presents a miniscule increase in risk (less than living next to a coal burner), the model has been used very effectively to argue that nuclear energy is always unacceptable, because the tiny amounts of radiation involved still present a risk. (Don’t ask me how they can make the case that nuclear is worse than coal or gas, or for that matter, having a granite counter top which involve more exposure. I still can’t figure that out.) The model has also resulted in extreme fear of medical radiation, resulting in calls for limiting of potentially life saving imaging and cancer treatment procedures.

While it has always been known that Muller did not have conclusive evidence to prove his claims of an LNT dose-risk relationship, evidence now indicates he may have had evidence that actually refuted it.

Via UMass Amherst News and Information:

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Good Riddance, Jack Kevorkian

Thursday, September 22nd, 2011

As most here probably know, Dr. Jack Kevorkian died this year at age 83.   Dr. Kevorkian become famous for his championing of doctor assisted suicide in the United States, where doing so is illegal in most jurisdictions.  Kevorkian is known to have assisted in the suicide of at least 130 persons.   His advocacy for doctor-assisted suicide began in the early 1980’s and the first suicide which he publicly acknowledged participating in was in 1990.

Kevorkian was most prolific in his activities between 1991 and 1998.  During that time he traveled around the United States aiding individuals in taking their own lives.   Kevorkian designed the equipment used, which included an IV drug machine and a carbon monoxide respirator.   He attached patients to the machines but did not take the final step of pushing the plunger or opening the valve.  That was done by the patients, and to some extent, insulated him from being easily prosecuted.   Still, he was in and out of court many times during the 1990’s.   He lost his license to practice medicine and was repeatedly ordered to stop his activities.

Kevorkian loved the attention that the controversy generated.   His court dates became media circuses and he never passed up an interview.  Kevorkian would always say that he was fighting for the right of a person to control their own destiny, die with dignity and relieve their own suffering.   However, many of his antics were not exactly dignified.

In 1998, Kevorkian appeared on the news program 60 Minutes and showed a videotape of the assisted suicide of Thomas Youk, a 52 year old ALS sufferer.   Youk expressed his desire to die and gave his full consent to the procedure to end his life.   In this video Kevorkian did something he had never publicly admitted to before, he pushed the plunger that delivered the lethal drugs himself.   Kevorkian also directly dared authorities to convict him of murder for his actions.   This time he bluffed a bit too hard.  They did and he was sentenced to ten to twenty five years in prison.  Kevorkian was finally paroled in 2007.   Since then he spent a bit less time in the media spotlight.   As a condition of his parole he agreed to no longer preform any kind of suicide service or provide any advice on the matter.

With the recent death of Kevorkian, there has been a lot of talk about his life and accomplishments.   A large number of individuals who identify with atheism, humanism, libertarianism and other related movements have been quick to praise Kevorkian.  Those who believe that a person should have the right to die often cast him as a hero, fighting for a basic human liberty and for the merciful release from pain and suffering.   This is not new.  During his life, Kevorkian was portrayed as a hero by a number of groups and activists.  In 2010, Al Pacino portrayed Kevorkian in the television movie “You Don’t Know Jack,” which showed Kevorkian as a compassionate activist fighting to legalize dying by choice.   Kurt Vonnegut’s collection of short stories published under the title “God Bless You Dr. Kevorkian,” was more of a spoof than a tribute, but Kevorkian seems to have enjoyed the attention anyway.

Sorry, but I can’t agree. I find the man despicable.

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Michele Bachmann And The HPV Vaccine

Sunday, September 18th, 2011

(Browsers that cannot view embedded content, click here for the original Youtube video.)

You may notice that there’s something a bit off here.   Claims that vaccines are a dangerous conspiracy purported by horrible pharmaceutical companies are usually associated more with the Loony Left of the political spectrum, while Bachman is decidedly on the Loony Right side of the isle.  It’s interesting to note that different ridiculous beliefs tend to come from different sides of the isle.   Vaccine conspiracy theories tend to center on mistrust of corporations and capitalism in general and are often part and parcel of theories of how the military and big corporations are killing us with fluoride, chemtrails and depleted uranium, which means we all need to embrace the “natural way” and move back to mud huts where we can practice free love and drop acid.

You’ll notice, however, that Backmann is not opposed to vaccinations in general, but is singling out one vaccine which apparently has a nearly magical power to steal the innocence of sweet lovely little twelve year old and make them retarded.   The reason that conservatives are so opposed to the HPV vaccine is that it’s seen as somehow encouraging sex or that requiring it is somehow offering a government endorsement of premarital sex.   It’s an extremely warped view when one considers that they’re effectively saying that they are so opposed to what they consider to be offensive forms of sex that it’s worth avoiding a vaccine that could wipe out most cervical cancer.

Her sentiment seems to have been touched off in part by the state of Texas adding the HPV vaccine to the required immunizations for school admission for girls.   This was done by another Republican presidential candidate, Rick Perry.   Some have accused Perry of taking pharmaceutical money for this policy, it really does not change the fact that it’s a good idea to have girls vaccinated.   If he did do so because he was paid off, then all he can be accused of is doing the right thing for the wrong reason.
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Yes, it is possible for technolgy to outlive its design life

Tuesday, September 13th, 2011

Much to do has been made of the fact that the majority of nuclear plants in the United States are scheduled to operate beyond the initial operating period that was estimated when they were first constructed. This all seems to have started when the Associated Press “broke” the story, despite the fact that it had never actually been a secret at all. None the less, many followed reporting how plants were being stretched far beyond the expectations of what their designers had intended, exposing the public to untold risks as they rust and fall apart.

Of course, this is not really the case. The plants have undergone numerous upgrades and refits over the years and continue to be upgraded and inspected to maintain high levels of safety. New procedures and new systems retrofitted to older reactors have improved their efficiency and safety beyond what it was originally. Of course, even with improvements, the older Generation II reactors still are not as good as new Generation III+ designs, but none the less, they are perfectly safe and reliable sources of power.

The primary reason why the designs have outlasted what was assumed to be their design life comes down to economics. While it has become cheaper and easier to extend the life of reactors, it has also become much more difficult to build new ones. The original designers might have presumed that after twenty or thirty years, their designs would have been so far surpassed that new power plants would have made them obsolete and redundant.

Unfortunately, they had not counted on just how difficult it has become to build a new reactor.  Just getting the permits to build a new nuclear reactor can take upwards of a decade, and a combination of political lobbying, lawsuits and other tactics by special interest groups meets a potential reactor operator at every step of the way, possibly even derailing plans completely before construction is completed but after billions have been spent.   There exists no other facility whose construction will be opposed by so many with so much effort at so many levels.   Paperwork costs alone can top the hundreds of millions, and final costs for construction have skyrocketed since the 1970’s.

Thus we have what we have and their life is extended to the maximum possible since replacements remain so difficult and expensive to built.

This does not mean that they are unsafe.  In fact, there are many examples of technology lasting far longer than its designers had anticipated.

Reasons why something may outlast its original design life:

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Laser Enrichment: No it doesn’t mean terrorists will have the bomb

Tuesday, August 23rd, 2011

It seems every time there is any development in nuclear technology, the media immediately starts equating it with weapons and assumes that it will be used for such. Not only that, but it also seems that the prevailing belief is that the only way to keep the world safe is to assure the United States does not engage in the new technology, because, if we don’t, well then obviously nobody else will, right?


Via the New York Times:

Scientists have long sought easier ways to make the costly material known as enriched uranium — the fuel of nuclear reactors and bombs, now produced only in giant industrial plants.

One idea, a half-century old, has been to do it with nothing more substantial than lasers and their rays of concentrated light. This futuristic approach has always proved too expensive and difficult for anything but laboratory experimentation.

Until now.

In a little-known effort, General Electric has successfully tested laser enrichment for two years and is seeking federal permission to build a $1 billion plant that would make reactor fuel by the ton.

That might be good news for the nuclear industry. But critics fear that if the work succeeds and the secret gets out, rogue states and terrorists could make bomb fuel in much smaller plants that are difficult to detect.

Iran has already succeeded with laser enrichment in the lab, and nuclear experts worry that G.E.’s accomplishment might inspire Tehran to build a plant easily hidden from the world’s eyes.

Backers of the laser plan call those fears unwarranted and praise the technology as a windfall for a world increasingly leery of fossil fuels that produce greenhouse gases.

But critics want a detailed risk assessment. Recently, they petitioned Washington for a formal evaluation of whether the laser initiative could backfire and speed the global spread of nuclear arms.

“We’re on the verge of a new route to the bomb,” said Frank N. von Hippel, a nuclear physicist who advised President Bill Clinton and now teaches at Princeton. “We should have learned enough by now to do an assessment before we let this kind of thing out.”

New varieties of enrichment are considered potentially dangerous because they can simplify the hardest part of building a bomb — obtaining the fuel.

General Electric, an atomic pioneer and one of the world’s largest companies, says its initial success began in July 2009 at a facility just north of Wilmington, N.C., that is jointly owned with Hitachi. It is impossible to independently verify that claim because the federal government has classified the laser technology as top secret. But G.E. officials say that the achievement is genuine and that they are accelerating plans for a larger complex at the Wilmington site.

“We are currently optimizing the design,” Christopher J. Monetta, president of Global Laser Enrichment, a subsidiary of G.E. and Hitachi, said in an interview.

The company foresees “substantial demand for nuclear fuel,” he added, while conceding that global jitters from the crisis at the Fukushima Daiichi plant in Japan “do create some uncertainty.” G.E. made those reactors.

Donald M. Kerr, a former director of the Los Alamos weapons lab who was recently briefed on G.E.’s advance, said in an interview that it looked like a breakthrough after decades of exaggerated claims.

Laser enrichment, he said, has gone from “an oversold, overpromised set of technologies” to what “appears to be close to a real industrial process.”

The plan was to exploit the extraordinary purity of laser light to selectively excite uranium’s rare form. In theory, the resulting agitation would ease identification of the precious isotope and aid its extraction.

At least 20 countries and many companies raced to investigate the idea. Scientists built hundreds of lasers.

Ray E. Kidder, a laser pioneer at the Livermore nuclear arms lab, estimated that the overall number of scientists involved globally ran to several thousand.

“It was a big deal,” he said in an interview. “If you could enrich with lasers, you could cut the cost by a factor of 10.”

The fervor cooled by the 1990s as laser separation turned out to be extremely hard to make economically feasible.

Not everyone gave up. Twenty miles southwest of Sydney, in a wooded region, Horst Struve and Michael Goldsworthy kept tinkering with the idea at a government institute. Finally, around 1994, the two men judged that they had a major advance.

The inventors called their idea Silex, for separation of isotopes by laser excitation. “Our approach is completely different,” Dr. Goldsworthy, a physicist, told a Parliamentary hearing.

….

In May 2006, G.E. bought the rights to Silex. Andrew C. White, the president of the company’s nuclear business, hailed the technology as “game-changing.”

Mr. Monetta of Global Laser Enrichment, the G.E.-Hitachi subsidiary, said the envisioned plant would enrich enough uranium annually to fuel up to 60 large reactors. In theory, that could power more than 42 million homes — about a third of all housing units in the United States.

The laser advance, he added, will promote energy security “since it is a domestic source.”

In late 2009, as G.E. experimented with its trial laser, supporters of arms control wrote Congress and the regulatory commission. The technology, they warned, posed a danger of quickening the spread of nuclear weapons because of the likely difficulty of detecting clandestine plants.

Experts called for a federal review of the risks. In early 2010, the commission resisted.

Late last year, the American Physical Society — the nation’s largest group of physicists, with headquarters in Washington — submitted a formal petition to the commission for a rule change that would compel such risk assessments as a condition of licensing.

“The issue is too big” to leave to the federal status quo, Francis Slakey, a physicist at Georgetown University and the society official who drafted the petition, said in an interview. He added that Mr. Obama or Congress might eventually have to get involved.

This year, thousands of citizens, supporters of arms control, nuclear experts and members of Congress wrote the commission to back the society’s effort. Many of them cited well-known failures in safeguarding secrets and detecting atomic plants.

But the Nuclear Energy Institute, an industry group in Washington, objected. It said new precautions were unnecessary because of voluntary plans for “additional measures” to safeguard secrets.

A commission spokesman said the petition would be considered next year. In theory, the risk-assessment plan, if adopted, could slow or stop the granting of a commercial license for the proposed laser plant or could result in design improvements.

(more…)

Bugeting Snafu Prevents Indian Patients From Receiving Non-Treatments

Sunday, August 14th, 2011

Every once in a while (and more often recently) it’s announced that the US government will have to delay or suspend a program or payment because the necessary funds were not allocated to continue its operation or pay for necessary supplies.   This is often the result of partisan bickering and the inability of politicians to agree on necessary appropriations legislation.   In other cases, it’s caused by a clerical error.

The government tends to follow very rigid rules for how funds are allocated, so such budgeting problems can force program suspensions.   Simply having the money is not good always good enough.   A program must also have the approval to spend it and, in some cases, there must be contracts or procedures or suppliers to spend it on.

Of course, it does not just happen in the US; it happens elsewhere too.

A rather amusing story of this type recently came from India.

Via the IndianExpress:

Delay in tendering leads to shortage of homeopathy medicines
Despite having funds for buying medicines for hospitals, the state’s homeopathy department is still to finalise the procedure for drug purchase. While the department is struggling to prepare the rate contracts for drugs, the hospitals are facing constant drug shortage, with no purchase done since April.

A budget of Rs 2.5 crore was approved by the state government for the purchase of homeopathic drugs in the year 2011-12 and the fund of Rs 2.65 crore was granted by the Central government for the same, right in the beginning of the financial year.

However, the tender process for purchase of these drugs is still to be completed. In fact, the directorate of homeopathic medicine has cancelled one tender after opening the technical as well as financial bids, while the retendering process is still on.

The first tender this year was advertised in May. However, due to certain technical flaws, the entire bidding process was cancelled, said V Prasad, Director, Homeopathic Medicine.

However, claims the director, the procedure of retendering is almost complete. “Once the first tenders were cancelled, we immediately went for retendering. Both the technical and financial bids for the second tender were also opened last week,” said Prasad.

Maintaining that the department is doing its best to finalise the process of preparation of rate contract, the director said that within a week, the list of selected bidders will be sent to the government for approval. The approval is done by the High Purchase Committee, which is expected to meet in this month, said Prasad. After the tenders are finalised, the rate contract will be prepared and orders for purchase of the required drugs will be placed.

A shortage of homeopathic medicine? Can’t they just dilute what they have to make more? Oh right, it would cause the medicine to become more potent and could result in an overdose. (sarcasm)

At least it makes me feel a little better knowing that the US government is not the only one with idiotic spending habits. Apparently India has a whole damn department tasked with purchasing magical water from quacks. The statement “Rs 2.5 crore” is an Indian idiom meaning 25 million rupees. It seems that this news story applies to the purchasing of homeopathic preparations within the state of Utter Pradesh. Thus, the budget for such purchases is 25 million rupees from the national government plus an additional 26.5 million rupees from the state government for a grand total of 51.5 rupees for this one state of India. That is just over one million US dollars or about .8 Euro. Still quite a bit considering the this is only one state in India containing less than 1/5 of the national population and the national budget for all healthcare is only about 4.35 billion US dollars a year.

It’s also quite amusing to see that this is actually being taken seriously, as if the shortage of empty pills and overpriced water were some kind of emergency. The press is even reporting it with an apparent straight face.

I do not mean to trash India in this respect, of course. India does have many legitimate, intelligent, honest medical professionals. For those who do practice real medicine and are trying to make a difference in the lives of those in need, this kind of idiocy is enormously frustrating. (I know, I’ve talked to a few of them.) There are indigenous efforts within India to bring a measure of healthy skepticism to medical care, but they face an uphill battle. Homeopathy has become deeply entrenched, and the government of India recognizes it officially as a form of medical care.

Homeopathy isn’t actually Indian in origin, of course. Despite having taken hold in India to a greater degree than just about anywhere else in the world, the lunacy of homeopathy was established in India by of the Victorian-Era British colonists.   It is both ironic and tragic that the quackery of homeopathy would continue to thrive in India and undermine good healthcare even long after the country gained its independence.